{"id":173,"date":"2021-05-18T15:36:31","date_gmt":"2021-05-18T07:36:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/?p=173"},"modified":"2021-05-18T15:36:31","modified_gmt":"2021-05-18T07:36:31","slug":"7-linux%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e9%87%8d%e5%ae%9a%e5%90%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/?p=173","title":{"rendered":"7.Linux\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5b59\u5bcc\u9633\uff0c \u6c5f\u6e56\u4eba\u79f0\u6ca1\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u5b59\u5e03\u65af\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u64c5\u957fWeb\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u56fd\u5185\u67d0\u5927\u578b\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411:
\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d; \u6216\u8005\u662f\u9ed1\u6d1e\/dev\/null;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f:
1.\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c4f\u853d &>\/dev\/null
2.\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765; &>\/var\/log\/java.log
3.\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u573a\u666f >> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5 cat \u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\u4f8b, cat \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u9001\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

#\u4f1a\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/passwd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\n[root@web01 ~]# cat \/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f46\u5982\u679c \u4f7f\u7528 cat \u547d\u4ee4\u6ca1\u6709\u8ddf\u4e0a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48cat\u547d\u4ee4\u5219\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e, \u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u9001\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@web01 ~]# cat\n>hello   #\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\nhello   #\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\n^C\n#\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u7acb\u523b\u88abcat\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u8868\u683c\u6240\u793a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/th>\u7528\u9014<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u6807\u51c6\u8986\u76d6\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>><\/td>\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d,\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr>
\u6807\u51c6\u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>>><\/td>\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6709\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
\u9519\u8bef\u8986\u76d6\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>2><\/td>\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr>
\u9519\u8bef\u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>2>><\/td>\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6709\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td><<<\/td>\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u7531\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7b26\u53f7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    0: \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\n    1>  \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411; \u5148\u6e05\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6,\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e; \n    1>> \u8ffd\u52a0\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411;  \u4f1a\u5f80\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u90e8\u65b0\u589e\u5185\u5bb9;\n    2>   \u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411;\n    2>>  \u9519\u8bef\u8ffd\u52a0\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411;\n    &>  \u6df7\u5408\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411;\n    &>> \u6df7\u5408\u8ffd\u52a0\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411;\n    >\/dev\/null 2>&1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u9053\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ba1\u9053<\/em><\/strong>
\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53f7 \"|\" \uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4, \u5c06\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa, \u4ea4\u7ed9\u53f3\u4fa7\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165
PS: \u65e0\u6cd5\u4f20\u9012\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u81f3\u540e\u8005\u547d\u4ee4<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u7ba1\u9053\u6d41\u7a0b\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/em><\/strong>
\u683c\u5f0f: cmd1 | cmd2 [...|cmdn]<\/code><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.\u7ba1\u9053\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b<\/em><\/strong>
\u6848\u4f8b1: \u5c06\/etc\/passwd \u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6309 UID \u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@web01 ~]# sort -t\":\" -k3 -n \/etc\/passwd\n[root@web01 ~]# sort -t\":\" -k3 -n \/etc\/passwd -r\n[root@web01 ~]# sort -t\":\" -k3 -n \/etc\/passwd |head\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6848\u4f8b2: \u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d\/etc\/passwd \u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 shell \u7c7b\u578b<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
#\u601d\u8def:\u53d6\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e03\u5217(shell) | \u6392\u5e8f(\u628a\u76f8\u540c\u5f52\u7c7b)| \u53bb\u91cd\n[root@web01 ~]# awk -F: '{print $7}' \/etc\/passwd\n[root@web01 ~]# awk -F: '{print $7}' \/etc\/passwd |sort\n[root@web01 ~]# awk -F: '{print $7}' \/etc\/passwd |sort |uniq\n[root@web01 ~]# awk -F: '{print $7}' \/etc\/passwd |sort |uniq -c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
PS: \u7ba1\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u7b26\u80fd\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u638c\u63e1\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
4.\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u7684tee\u6280\u672f<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
#\u9009\u9879: -a\u8ffd\u52a0\n[root@web01 ~]# ip addr |grep 'inet ' |tee ip.txt |awk -F\"\/\" '{print $1}' |awk '{print $2}'\n127.0.0.1\n10.0.0.100\n[root@web01 ~]# cat ip.txt\ninet 127.0.0.1\/8 scope host lo\ninet 10.0.0.100\/24 brd 192.168.69.255 scope global ens32\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e0e tee \u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@web01 ~]# date > date.txt    #\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165date.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\n[root@web01 ~]# date |tee date.txt #\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u81f3\u5c4f\u5e55\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4efd\u81f3date.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5.xargs\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u6280\u672f<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
# which cat|xargs ls- l\n# ls |xargs rm -fv\n# ls | xargs -I {} cp -rv {} \/tmp\/\n# ls |xargs mv -t \/tmp\/   -\u6216-> ls | xargs -I {}  mv {} \/tmp<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5b59\u5bcc\u9633\uff0c \u6c5f\u6e56\u4eba\u79f0\u6ca1\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u5b59\u5e03\u65af\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u64c5\u957fWeb\u96c6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/173"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=173"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/173\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=173"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=173"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}