{"id":262,"date":"2021-06-27T19:58:24","date_gmt":"2021-06-27T11:58:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/?p=262"},"modified":"2022-01-11T18:44:52","modified_gmt":"2022-01-11T10:44:52","slug":"11-linux%e7%a3%81%e7%9b%98%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/?p=262","title":{"rendered":"11.Linux\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5b59\u5bcc\u9633\uff0c \u6c5f\u6e56\u4eba\u79f0\u6ca1\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u5b59\u5e03\u65af\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u64c5\u957fWeb\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u56fd\u5185\u67d0\u5927\u578b\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u76d8\u7247: \u786c\u76d8\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u76d8\u7247\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d8\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e24\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d8\u7247\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u4e3a0\u9762\uff0c\u53cd\u9762\u4e3a1\u9762\u7136\u540e\u4f9d\u6b21\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002
2.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u78c1\u9053:\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d8\u7247\u7684\u76d8\u9762\u5728\u51fa\u5382\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u5fc3\u5706\u73af\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u540c\u5fc3\u5706\u73af\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5706\u73af\u79f0\u4e3a\u78c1\u9053(Track)\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d8\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u5212\u5206\u591a\u4e2a\u78c1\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u8089\u4e1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u3002
3.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6247\u533a: \u5728\u786c\u76d8\u51fa\u5382\u65f6\u4f1a\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f4e\u683c\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u518d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u78c1\u9053\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5f27\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f27\u6bb5\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a (Sector)\u3002\u6247\u533a\u662f\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u53ef\u5b58\u50a8512\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e86\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3002
4.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u67f1\u9762:\u67f1\u9762\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u62bd\u8c61\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5782\u76f4\u533a\u57df\u7684\u78c1\u9053\u79f0\u4e3a \u67f1\u9762 \uff0c\u5373\u5404\u76d8\u9762\u4e0a\u9762\u76f8\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u78c1\u9053\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6570\u636e\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u534a\u5f84\u78c1\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u6247\u533a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u5934\u5bfb\u9053\u65f6\u95f4\u3002
5.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u78c1\u5934: \u8bfb\u53d6\u78c1\u76d8\u78c1\u9053\u4e0a\u9762\u91d1\u5c5e\u5757\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bfb\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b<\/em><\/strong>
IDE\uff0cScsi\uff08\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\uff09<\/em>\"\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SATA III \u4e0eSAS(\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u591a)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ssd\u7684Msata\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3a\u8d85\u6781\u672c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88abm.2\u63a5\u53e3\u7684SSD\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u800cm.2\u63a5\u53e3(\u652f\u6301SATA\u3001PCI-E\u53cc\u901a\u9053\u534f\u8bae)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u672f\u8bed<\/em><\/strong>
\u5c3a\u5bf8: 2.5\u82f1\u5bf8 3.5\u82f1\u5bf8
\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1aKB MB GB TB PB EB
\u8f6c\u901f\uff1a7500 15000
IOPS\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u751fIO\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u78c1\u76d8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f<\/th>\u8bbe\u5907\u7c7b\u578b<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\/dev\/sda<\/td>\/dev\/sda1<\/td>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406\u78c1\u76d8\u7b2c\u4e00\u5206\u533a<\/td><\/tr>
\/dev\/sdb<\/td>\/dev\/sdb2<\/td>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5757\u7269\u7406\u78c1\u76d8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/td><\/tr>
\/dev\/vdd<\/td>\/dev\/vdd4<\/td>\u7b2c\u56db\u5757\u865a\u62df\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

PS1\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5206\u533a\u7531\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff0c1~4\u7559\u7ed9\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\u4ece5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5206\u533a\u8fd8\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff1f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u968f\u610f\u5206\u914d\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3aMBR\u5206\u533a\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u5206\u914d4\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\uff1fwhy\uff1f<\/em>
MBR\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ea\u80fd\u5212\u52064\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

PS2: \u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7MBR\u5206\u533a\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u5206\u914d4\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u5206\u533a\u8868GPT\uff0cGPT\u652f\u6301\u5206\u914d128\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u3002\u6ce8\u610fMBR\u4e0eGPT\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e92\u8f6c\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/em>
MBR\u4e0eGPT\u4e4b\u95f4\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u78c1\u76d8\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u533aFdisk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5757\u5c0f\u4e8e2TB\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u8fdb\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b:<\/em><\/strong>
1.\u7ed9\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5757\u65b0\u7684\u786c\u76d8
2.\u4f7f\u7528fdisk\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a
3.\u4f7f\u7528mkfs\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316
4.\u4f7f\u7528mount\u8fdb\u884c\u6302\u8f7d
PS: \u751f\u4ea7\u5206\u533a\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6574\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u5206\u533a\u3002
PS: \u5b66\u4e60\u5206\u533a\u5efa\u8bae: 1P+1E(3L) 2P+1E(2L) 3P+1E(1L) (\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec3\u4e60)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[root@sfy ~]# fdisk -l\n[root@sfy ~]# fdisk  \/dev\/sdb\nCommand (m for help): m         #\u8f93\u5165m\u5217\u51fa\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\nCommand action\n   a   toggle a bootable flag               #\u5207\u6362\u5206\u533a\u542f\u52a8\u6807\u8bb0\n   b   edit bsd disklabel                   #\u7f16\u8f91sdb\u78c1\u76d8\u6807\u7b7e\n   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag    #\u5207\u6362dos\u517c\u5bb9\u6a21\u5f0f\n   d   delete a partition                   #\u5220\u9664\u5206\u533a\n   l   list known partition types           #\u663e\u793a\u5206\u533a\u7c7b\u578b\n   m   print this menu                       #\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u83dc\u5355\n   n   add a new partition                  #\u65b0\u5efa\u5206\u533a\n   o   create a new empty DOS partition table   #\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5206\u533a\u8868\n   p   print the partition table            #\u663e\u793a\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\n   q   quit without saving changes          #\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\n   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel     #\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684Sun\u78c1\u76d8\u6807\u7b7e\n   t   change a partitions system id       #\u4fee\u6539\u5206\u533aID,\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7l\u67e5\u770bid\n   u   change display\/entry units           #\u4fee\u6539\u5bb9\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d,\u78c1\u67f1\u6216\u6247\u533a\n   v   verify the partition table           #\u68c0\u9a8c\u5206\u533a\u8868\n   w   write table to disk and exit         #\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\n   x   extra functionality (experts only)   #\u62d3\u5c55\u529f\u80fd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.fdisk\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u5206\u533a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): n\nPartition type:\n   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)  #\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\n   e   extended  #\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\nSelect (default p): p   #\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\nPartition number (1-4, default 1):  #\u9ed8\u8ba4\u521b\u5efa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\nFirst sector (2048-2097151, default 2048): #\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6247\u533a\u56de\u8f66\nUsing default value 2048\nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2097151, default 2097151): +50M #\u5206\u914d50MB<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.fdisk\u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): n  #\u65b0\u5efa\u5206\u533a\nPartition type:\n   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)\n   e   extended\nSelect (default p): e   #\u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\nPartition number (2-4, default 2):\nFirst sector (104448-2097151, default 104448):\nUsing default value 104448\nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (104448-2097151, default 2097151): #\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u7ed9\u5230\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.fdisk\u521b\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): n  #\u65b0\u5efa\u5206\u533a\nPartition type:\n   p   primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)\n   l   logical (numbered from 5)\nSelect (default p): l   #\u521b\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\nAdding logical partition 5\nFirst sector (106496-2097151, default 106496):\nUsing default value 106496\nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (106496-2097151, default 2097151): +100M  #\u5206\u914d100MB\u7a7a\u95f4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4.fdisk\u67e5\u770b\u5206\u533a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Command (m for help): p #\u67e5\u770b\u5206\u533a\u521b\u5efa\nDevice Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System\n\/dev\/sdb1            2048      104447       51200   83  Linux\n\/dev\/sdb2          104448     2097151      996352    5  Extended\n\/dev\/sdb5          106496      311295      102400   83  Linux\n\n#\u4fdd\u5b58\u5206\u533a\nCommand (m for help): w\nThe partition table has been altered!\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\nSyncing disks.\n\n#\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u662f\u5426\u662fMBR\u5206\u533a\u65b9\u5f0f\n[root@sfy ~]# fdisk \/dev\/sdb -l|grep type\nDisk label type: dos\n\n#\u5b89\u88c5parted, \u5237\u65b0\u5185\u6838\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548,\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\n[root@sfy ~]# yum -y install parted\n[root@sfy ~]# partprobe \/dev\/sdb<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u78c1\u76d8<\/em><\/strong>
mkfs\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5c06\u623f\u5b50\u88c5\u4fee\u62103\u5ba4\u4e00\u5385\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f2\u5ba4\u4e00\u5385\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
#\u9009\u9879: \n# -b  \u8bbe\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u533a\u5757\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u652f\u63011024\u30012048\u30014096 bytes\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u3002\n# -t  \u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662fext4, xfs\n# -i  \u8bbe\u5b9ainode\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\n# -N  \u8bbe\u5b9ainode\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u9632\u6b62Inode\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u591f\u5bfc\u81f4\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0d\u8db3\n#1.\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6574\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\n[root@sfy ~]# mkfs.ext4  \/dev\/sdb \n#2.\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\n[root@sfy ~]# mkfs.xfs  \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.\u4f7f\u7528mount\u6302\u8f7d\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<\/em><\/strong>
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0e\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# mkdir \/data\n[root@sfy ~]# mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/data<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4.\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u533aGdisk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u5230fdisk\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4f46fdisk\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7ed9\u9ad8\u4e8e2TB\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5355\u5757\u76d8\u9ad8\u4e8e2TB\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528Gdisk\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u4f7f\u7528gdisk\u8fdb\u884c\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
#1.\u5b89\u88c5gdisk\u5206\u533a\u5de5\u5177\n[root@sfy ~]# yum install gdisk -y\n#2.\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5206\u533a\uff0c500MB\u5927\u5c0f\n[root@sfy ~]# gdisk \/dev\/sdb\nCommand (? for help): n     #\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u5206\u533a\nPartition number (1-128, default 1):\nFirst sector (34-2097118, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:\nLast sector (2048-2097118, default = 2097118) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +500M #\u5206\u914d500M\u5927\u5c0f\nCommand (? for help): p #\u6253\u5370\u67e5\u770b\nNumber  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name\n   1            2048         1026047   500.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem\n\nCommand (? for help): w #\u4fdd\u5b58\u5206\u533a\nDo you want to proceed? (Y\/N): y    #\u786e\u8ba4\nOK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to \/dev\/sdb.\nThe operation has completed successfully.\n\n#3.\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u662f\u5426\u4e3agpt\u683c\u5f0f\n[root@sfy \/]# fdisk \/dev\/sdb -l|grep type\nDisk label type: gpt\n\n#4.\u5b89\u88c5parted, \u5237\u65b0\u5185\u6838\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548,\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\n[root@sfy ~]# yum -y install parted\n[root@sfy ~]# partprobe \/dev\/sdb\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.\u4f7f\u7528mkfs\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u53cd\u590d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# mkfs.xfs  \/dev\/sdb<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.\u4f7f\u7528mount\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u8be5\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# mkdir \/data_gdisk\n[root@sfy ~]# mount \/dev\/sdb \/data_gdisk<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5.\u78c1\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u65b9\u5f0fMount<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0e\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054\u3002mount\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5165\u53e3\u3002
PS: \u7c7b\u4f3c\u6211\u7684\u5546\u573a\u6ca1\u6709\u95e8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u5165\u8d2d\u4e70\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7mount\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u7ed9\u8d85\u5e02\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u3002\u5982\u56fe:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u901a\u8fc7mount\u8fdb\u884c\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u91cd\u542f\u5c06\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u9009\u9879\uff1a-t\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u5206\u533a -a \u6302\u8f7d\/etc\/fstab\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 -o \u6307\u5b9a\u6302\u8f7d\u53c2\u6570\n# \u6302\u8f7d\/dev\/sdb1\u81f3db1\u76ee\u5f55\n[root@sfy ~]# mkdir \/db1\n[root@sfy ~]# mount -t xfs \/dev\/sdb1  \/db1\/ <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528umount\u8fdb\u884c\u5378\u8f7d\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
#\u9009\u9879\uff1a -l \u5f3a\u5236\u5378\u8f7d\n\n#1.\u5378\u8f7d\u76ee\u5f55\u65b9\u5f0f\n[root@sfy ~]# umount \/db1\n\n#2.\u5378\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u65b9\u5f0f\n[root@sfy ~]# umount \/dev\/sdb1\n\n#3.umount\u4e0d\u80fd\u5378\u8f7d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\n[root@sfy db1]# umount \/db1  \numount: \/db1: device is busy.\n        (In some cases useful info about processes that use\n         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1)\n\n#PS: \u5982\u4e0a\u60c5\u51b5\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd, 1.\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55 2.\u4f7f\u7528'-l'\u9009\u9879\u5f3a\u5236\u5378\u8f7d    \n[root@sfy db1]# umount -l \/db1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c38\u4e45\u6302\u8f7d\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6302\u8f7d\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\/etc\/fstab\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
#1.\u4f7f\u7528blkid\u547d\u4ee4\u83b7\u53d6\u5404\u8bbe\u5907\u7684UUID\n[root@sfy ~]# blkid |grep \"sdb1\"\n\/dev\/sdb1: UUID=\"e271b5b2-b1ba-4b18-bde5-66e394fb02d9\" TYPE=\"xfs\"\n\n#2.\u4f7f\u7528UUID\u6302\u8f7d\u78c1\u76d8sdb1\u5206\u533a\u81f3\u4e8edb1\uff0c \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6302\u8f7d\n[root@sfy ~]# mount UUID=\"e271b5b2-b1ba-4b18-bde5-66e394fb02d9\" \/db1\n\n#3.\u5199\u5165\/etc\/fstab\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\n[root@sfy ~]# tail -1 \/etc\/fstab    \nUUID=e271b5b2-b1ba-4b18-bde5-66e394fb02d9 \/db1 xfs  defaults 0  0\n\n#4.\u52a0\u8f7dfstab\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6, \u540c\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9519\u8bef\n[root@sfy ~]# mount \u2013a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.\/etc\/fstab\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u5199\u683c\u5f0f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907<\/th>\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9(\u5165\u53e3)<\/th>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u6302\u8f7d\u53c2\u6570<\/th>\u662f\u5426\u5907\u4efd<\/th>\u662f\u5426\u68c0\u67e5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\/dev\/sdb1<\/td>\/db1<\/td>xfs<\/td>defaults<\/td>0<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u56db\u5217\uff1a\u6302\u8f7d\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6302\u8f7d\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u5757\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6df1\u7a76\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53c2\u6570<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
async\/sync<\/td>\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u540c\u6b65\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4async<\/td><\/tr>
user\/nouser<\/td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528mount\u547d\u4ee4\u6302\u8f7d\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4nouser<\/td><\/tr>
exec\/noexe<\/td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4exec<\/td><\/tr>
suid\/nosuid<\/td>\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u5b58\u5728suid\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4suid<\/td><\/tr>
auto\/noauto<\/td>\u6267\u884cmount -a \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u4e3b\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4auto<\/td><\/tr>
rw\/ro<\/td>\u662f\u5426\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6216\u8005\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6302\u8f7d\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4rw<\/td><\/tr>
default<\/td>\u5177\u6709rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async\u7b49\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217\uff1a\u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0\u6216\u80051<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9009\u9879<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
0<\/td>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u505a\u5907\u4efd<\/td><\/tr>
1<\/td>\u4ee3\u8868\u8981\u6bcf\u5929\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u516d\u5217\uff1a\u662f\u5426\u68c0\u9a8c\u6247\u533a\uff1a\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u4ee5fsck\u68c0\u9a8c\u6211\u4eec\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5b8c\u6574<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9009\u9879<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
0<\/td>\u4e0d\u8981\u68c0\u9a8c\u78c1\u76d8\u662f\u5426\u6709\u574f\u9053<\/td><\/tr>
1<\/td>\u68c0\u9a8c<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>\u6821\u9a8c (\u5f531\u7ea7\u522b\u68c0\u9a8c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c2\u7ea7\u522b\u68c0\u9a8c)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
6.\u865a\u62df\u78c1\u76d8\u4ecb\u7ecdSWAP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Swap\u5206\u533a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7a7a\u95f4\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
PS: \u5f53\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u65f6\u4f1a\u968f\u673akill\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751foom\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528swap\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u521b\u5efa\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3aswap\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# fdisk  \/dev\/sdb       #\u52061\u4e2aG\u5927\u5c0f\n[root@sfy ~]# mkswap \/dev\/sdb1      #\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3aswap<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dswap\u5206\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u7f29\u5c0f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:           1980        1475          80          10         424         242\nSwap:          2047           4        2043\n\n#1.\u6269\u5c55swap\u5206\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\n[root@sfy ~]# swapon \/dev\/sdb2\n[root@sfy ~]# free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:           1980        1475          80          10         424         242\nSwap:          3047           4        2043\n[root@sfy ~]# swapon -a #\u4ee3\u8868\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6240\u6709\u7684swap\n\n#2.\u7f29\u5c0fswap\u5206\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\n[root@sfy ~]# swapoff \/dev\/sdb1\n[root@sfy ~]# free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:           1980        1475          80          10         424         242\nSwap:          2047           4        2043\n[root@sfy ~]# swapoff -a #\u4ee3\u8868\u5173\u95ed\u6240\u6709\u7684swap<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524dswap\u5206\u533a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# swapon -s\n\u6587\u4ef6\u540d             \u7c7b\u578b      \u5927\u5c0f   \u5df2\u7528  \u6743\u9650\n\/dev\/dm-1   partition   2097148   4616    -2\n\/dev\/sdb1   partition   1048572   0       -2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4.\u5982\u679c\u78c1\u76d8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u5206\u533a\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u589e\u52a0SWAP\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u78c1\u76d8<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/opt\/swap_file bs=1M count=500\n[root@sfy ~]# chmod 0600 \/opt\/swap_file\n[root@sfy ~]# mkswap -f \/opt\/swap_file \n[root@sfy ~]# swapon \/opt\/swap_file\n[root@sfy ~]# free -m<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5.\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671bswap\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5c06swap\u4fe1\u606f\u8ffd\u52a0\u81f3\/etc\/fstab\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@sfy ~]# cat \/etc\/fstab | grep sda2    \/\/\u5c06\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\/etc\/fstab\u6587\u4ef6\n\/dev\/sda2               swap                    swap   defaults        0 0<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5b59\u5bcc\u9633\uff0c \u6c5f\u6e56\u4eba\u79f0\u6ca1\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u5b59\u5e03\u65af\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u64c5\u957fWeb\u96c6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=262"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":263,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262\/revisions\/263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}