{"id":82,"date":"2021-05-17T11:06:41","date_gmt":"2021-05-17T03:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/?p=82"},"modified":"2021-05-17T11:06:41","modified_gmt":"2021-05-17T03:06:41","slug":"%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%afbashshell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/?p=82","title":{"rendered":"2.Linux\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5b59\u5bcc\u9633\uff0c \u6c5f\u6e56\u4eba\u79f0\u6ca1\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u5b59\u5e03\u65af\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u64c5\u957fWeb\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u56fd\u5185\u67d0\u5927\u578b\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc_0\">1.Bash Shell\u521d\u6b65\u8ba4\u8bc6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fBash shell(\u58f3)<\/em><\/strong><br><em>Bash Shell\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6700\u5916\u5c42\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u81f3\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<br>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5de5\u5177\u8fde\u63a5linux\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5219\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684shell\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7b49\u7b49...<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>2.Bash Shell\u80fd\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/em><\/strong><br><em>\u4f7f\u7528Shell\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982:<br>1.\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<br>2.\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<br>3.\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<br>4.\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406<br>5.\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406<br>6.\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<br>.\u7b49\u7b49.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>3.\u5e73\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Shell\u5462\uff1f<\/em><\/strong><br>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u76f4\u63a5<em>\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4 --&gt; \u6548\u7387\u4f4e --&gt;\u9002\u5408\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c<br>\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u653e\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d--&gt; \u6548\u7387\u9ad8--&gt;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c<br>\u4f8b\u5982:\u521b\u5efa100\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5355\u7eaf\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c100\u6b21\uff0c\u800cShell\u811a\u672c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210100\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u521b\u5efa<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>4.Shell\u63d0\u793a\u7b26<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># $ = \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237, # = root\u7528\u6237(\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458)\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# whoami\nroot\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# su - jack  #\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\n&#91;jack@web01 ~]$ whoami\njack<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>5.Shell\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/em><\/strong><br><em>\u547d\u4ee4\u884cbash shell\uff0c \u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f93\u5165, \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u754c\u9762<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u547d\u4ee4  \u9009\u9879  \u53c2\u6570\ncommand &#91;-options] &#91;arguments]\n\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls             #\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls -a          #\u547d\u4ee4+\u9009\u9879\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls -a \/home\/   #\u547d\u4ee4+\u9009\u9879+\u53c2\u6570\n\n#\u547d\u4ee4: \u6574\u6761shell\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\n#\u9009\u9879: \u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\n    #\u4ee5 \u201c-\u201d\u5f15\u5bfc\u77ed\u683c\u5f0f\u9009\u9879\uff08\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c-l\u201d\n    #\u4ee5\u201c--\u201d\u5f15\u5bfc\u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u9009\u9879\uff08\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c--color\u201d\n    #\u591a\u4e2a\u77ed\u683c\u5f0f\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c-\u201d\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c-al\u201d\n#\u53c2\u6570: \u547d\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u7b49\n# \u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u5f00\u5934\uff0c \u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc_1\">2.Bash Shell\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>1.\u547d\u4ee4\u8865\u5168<\/em><\/strong><br><em>\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528windows\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u7ea7\u7279\u522b\u591a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528linux\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u7ea7\u7279\u522b\u591a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7tab\u952e\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u8865\u5168<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>PS: tab\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4\u8865\u5168\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u8865\u5168\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2dtab\u8865\u5168\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6700\u591a\u7684, \u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u8def\u5f84\u51fa\u9519\u7387\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u67e5\u770bip\u65f6\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5177\u4f53\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ifcon\n#\u6309\u4e0btab\u952e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ifconfig\n#\u6309\u4e00\u4e0btab\u952e\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u5e94, \u6309\u4e24\u4e0btab\u952e\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709if\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# if\nif         ifconfig   ifenslave  ifrename\nifcfg      ifdown     ifnames    ifup\n#\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0b\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u8865\u5168\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u597d\n&#91;root@sfy ~]# rpm -qa |grep bash-completion\nbash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch\nbash-completion-extras-2.1-11.el7.noarch\n#linux\u76ee\u5f55\u8f83\u6df1\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528tab\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5168, \u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u51fa\u9519\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u8865\u5168\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>2.\u547d\u4ee4\u5feb\u6377\u952e\uff0c\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Ctrl + a    #\u5149\u6807\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3\u6b63\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u9996\u90e8\nCtrl + e    #\u5149\u6807\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3\u6b63\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\nCtrl + c    #\u7ec8\u6b62\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\nCtrl + d    #\u5728shell\u4e2d\uff0cctrl-d\u8868\u793a\u63a8\u51fa\u5f53\u524dshell\u3002\nCtrl + z    #\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u6302\u81f3\u540e\u53f0\nCtrl + l    #\u6e05\u5c4f\uff0c\u548cclear\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49\u6548\u3002\nCtrl + k    #\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u5149\u6807\u5230\u884c\u672b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\nCtrl + u    #\u5220\u9664\u4ece\u5149\u6807\u5230\u884c\u9996\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\nCtrl + r    #\u641c\u7d22\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4, \u5229\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\nCtrl + w    #\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\n#\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u524d\u52a0\u9762\u52a0 \"#\" \u5219\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>3.\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4History, \u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u751f\u60c5\u51b5<\/em><\/strong><br><em>-w \u4fdd\u5b58\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u4ef6<br>-c \u6e05\u7a7a\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55, \u4e0d\u4f1a\u60c5\u51b5\u6587\u4ef6<br>-d \u5220\u9664\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7b2c N \u6761\u884c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#1.\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc !! \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls\nsunfuyang.com\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# !!\nls\nsunfuyang.com\n#2.\u8f93\u5165!6, \u6267\u884chistory\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u7b2c 6 \u884c\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# !6\ntouch sunfuyang.com\n\n#\u4f7f\u7528!cat, \u8c03\u7528history\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684cat\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# !cat\ncat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls \/etc\/passwd\n#\u8c03\u7528\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u9009\u9879, \u6309\u4e0bESC\u677e\u5f00, \u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b \".\"\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# cat\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# cat \/etc\/passwd\n#\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f, \u8f93\u5165!$\uff0c\u8c03\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\u6216\u53c2\u6570\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls !$\nls \/etc\/passwd\n\/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>3.\u7ed9\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u522b\u540d<\/em><\/strong><br><em>\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u590d\u6742\u547d\u4ee4\u7b80\u5355\u5316, \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code>\"alias \u522b\u540d\u540d\u79f0=\u547d\u4ee4\"<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d, \u82e5\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u7528<code>unalias \u522b\u540d\u540d\u79f0<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#1.\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e34\u65f6\u522b\u540d, net\u4e3a\u67e5\u770beth0\u7f51\u5361\u522b\u540d\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# alias net='cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0'\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# net\n#2.\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab, \u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4ec0\u4e48?\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# alias ifconfig='ifconfig eth0'\n    #\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6267\u884c, \u8c03\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# \/sbin\/ifconfig\n    #\u901a\u8fc7\\\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26, \u8c03\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# \\ifconfig\n#3.\u53d6\u6d88\u522b\u540d\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# unalias ifconfig\n#4.\u6c38\u4e45\u5168\u5c40\u751f\u6548\uff0c\/etc\/bashrc\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# echo \"alias ifconfig='ifconfig eth0'\" &gt;&gt; \/etc\/bashrc\n#4.\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548\uff0c\/root\/.bashrc\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# echo \"alias ifconfig='ifconfig eth0'\" &gt;&gt; \/root\/.bashrc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc_2\">3.Bash Shell\u83b7\u53d6\u5e2e\u52a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>1.\u547d\u4ee4 --help\u5e2e\u52a9<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls --help\n\u7528\u6cd5: ls &#91;\u9009\u9879]...&#91;\u6587\u4ef6]...\n\n#ls \u5e38\u89c1\u9009\u9879\n-a  #\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\n-l  #\u4ee5\u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\n-h  #\u4ee5\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u914d\u5408-l\u4f7f\u7528\n-d  #\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\n-t  #\u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\n-i  #\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode(\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u8be5\u5206\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7)\n\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# date --help\nUsage: date &#91;OPTION]... &#91;+FORMAT]\n  or:  date &#91;-u|--utc|--universal] &#91;MMDDhhmm&#91;&#91;CC]YY]&#91;.ss]]\n  \n&#91;root@web01 ~]# date +%F   #\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u671f\n2019-03-28\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# date -s 12:00  #\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\n\n#\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7528\u9014\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# touch `date +%F`_file.txt\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ls\n2019-03-28_file.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em>2.\u547d\u4ee4 man\u624b\u518c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># man ls    #\u67e5\u770bls\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u624b\u518c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc_3\">4.Bash Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>1.\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4, \u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b:<br>1) \u5224\u65ad\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6267\u884c<br>2) \u5224\u65ad\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728alias\u522b\u540d<br>3) \u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<br>4) Bash\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u5b58<br>5) \u901a\u8fc7PATH\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6709\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u65e0\u62a5\u9519<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>2.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<\/em><br><em>\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4: shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br>\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4: \u5728\u7cfb\u7edfPATH\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>3.\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#cd\u547d\u4ee4\u5c5e\u4e8eshell\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# type -a cd\ncd is a shell builtin\ncd is \/usr\/bin\/cd\n\n#ping\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4, \u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u8def\u5f84\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# type -a  ping\nping is \/bin\/ping\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em>4.\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5916\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\uff0cBash\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627ePATH\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u76ee\u5f55\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# echo $PATH\n\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/root\/bin\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em>PS: PATH\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u5230Bash\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5bf9Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u67e5\u627e<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>5.\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5916\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u51fa\u73b0\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u8c03\u53d6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u4f1a\u641c\u7d22PATH\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#\u5df2\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4ee4,\u5982\u679c\u79fb\u52a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# mv \/sbin\/ifconfig \/bin\/\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ifconfig\n-bash: \/sbin\/ifconfig: No such file or directory\n#\u5220\u9664\u7f13\u5b58\u8fc7\u7684ifconfig\u547d\u4ee4, \u5373\u53ef\u6267\u884c\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# hash -d ifconfig\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# ifconfig\n#\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u7a7a\u7f13\u5b58\u8868\n&#91;root@web01 ~]# hash -r\n#\u6ce8\u610f: \u547d\u4ee4\u7f13\u5b58hash\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5982\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5:\n1.\u53ea\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee41\u6b21\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u5b58\n2.\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u79fb\u52a8\u4e86\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\n    a.\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6267\u884c\n    b.\u5220\u9664hash\u8868\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6307\u4ee4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em>6.\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u603b\u7ed3: \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>ping<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e, \u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b:<\/em><br><em>1) \u68c0\u67e5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<br>2) \u68c0\u67e5ping\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728alias\u522b\u540d<br>3) \u68c0\u67e5ping\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<br>4) \u5982\u679c\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4Bash\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5Hash\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u53d6<br>5) \u5982\u679c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728Hash\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5219\u901a\u8fc7PATH\u8def\u5f84\u8fdb\u884c\u9010\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<br>6) \u5982\u679cPATH\u8def\u5f84\u6ca1\u6709\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002command not found<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b59\u5bcc\u9633\uff0c \u6c5f\u6e56\u4eba\u79f0\u6ca1\u4eba\u79f0\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u66fe\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u5b59\u5e03\u65af\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u64c5\u957fWeb\u96c6 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=82"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=82"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=82"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.buyao007.icu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=82"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}